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Siege of Jadotville
The Siege of Jadotville took place in September 1961, during the United Nations intervention in the Katanga conflict in Congo-Léopoldville in Central Africa when a company of Irish UN troops were attacked by troops loyal to the Katangese Prime Minister Moise Tshombe. The lightly-armed Irish soldiers resisted Katangese assaults for six days as a relief force of Irish and Swedish troops unsuccessfully attempted to reach the Irish force besieged in Jadotville.
The outnumbered Irish company was eventually forced to surrender after ammunition and supplies were exhausted, but not before inflicting heavy casualties on the Katangese and their white mercenaries. They were held as prisoners of war for almost a month but none were killed. It was the last engagement of the ONUC peacekeeping mission to involve Irish and Swedish troops in hostile action.
==Background==
On September 13, 1961,UN Secretary General Dag Hammarskjöld gave permission for United Nations forces to launch a military offensive, code named Operation ''Morthor'',against mercenary military units working for the State of Katanga that had seceded from Congo-Léopoldville in July 1960. According to its mandate, UN forces in the Congo were to remain strictly impartial in the conflict. However, the Katangese political leadership believed the UN had broken its mandate and were now siding with their opponent,the Congolese central government. Soon after the start of ''Morthor'', the Katangese led a counterattack on an isolated UN military unit based at the mining town of Jadotville, some 100 kilometers up country from the main UN base in Elizabethville City.〔(War in Katanga ) ''TIME'', Sep. 22, 1961〕 A small UN contingent of 155 Irish troops,commanded by Commandant Pat Quinlan, had been sent to the mining town to assist in the protection of its citizens. This was the result of a plea by the Belgian settlers and local population who said they feared for their safety.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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